The Circular Flow of
Life’s Renewal
Carlos Cardoso
Aveline
The resurrection
celebrated every year during Christian Easter is available to all human beings,
and can be experienced any time in one way or another.
The sad old Christianity of dogma, guilt and
intolerance must give way during the 21st century to a new spirituality that is
inter-religious, philosophical, optimistic, and aims at building a better
future.
For that to occur, Christian tradition and other religions
have to undergo a sort of death, and a rebirth. Spiritual discipline is
unavoidably hard to anyone who wants to tread the mystical path. Yet it is not
made of sadness or dogmatism. It combines inner freedom, self-responsibility
and contentment.
The very foundations of Christianity are pagan,
pantheistic and ecological. The main holidays in the Christian calendar are
adaptations of non-Christian festivals celebrating the annual relation of the
Sun to the Earth and other natural cycles.
Easter, for instance, is celebrated near the Spring
Equinox of Northern Hemisphere, and near the Autumn Equinox in the Southern
Hemisphere. At this time of the year, day and night have the same
duration. After Easter, the balance
between light and shadow is broken in favor of the sunlight in the Northern
hemisphere. For this reason, Easter is traditionally seen as the moment of a
new beginning and as something that gives way to the reappearance of life in
every dimension of Nature.
Up to 19th century, it was still the custom in some
regions of Europe to go outdoors in the early hours of Easter Day and observe
the Sunrise. It was believed that the King Star then danced with joy just above
horizon, celebrating the new yearly predominance of light.
In the Southern hemisphere, where the Easter
celebration occurs near the Autumn Equinox, the moment opens the path to
winter: the rebirth indicated by Easter is then not external or physical. It is
inner, spiritual. It requires renunciation and acceptance.
At the end of the year, Christmas is also a pagan
event adopted, and adapted, by Christianity. The birth of Jesus is celebrated in
the winter Solstice, the culminating point of the cold season, the time of the
year when the night is the longest. It is after the winter solstice (20-25
December) that the light ceases to lose energy in the yearly cycle and once
more little by little recovers its intensity, from the point of view of the
countries situated above the line of Equator.
In ancient pagan Rome, December 25 was dedicated to
the festival called “the birthday of the Unconquered Sun”. It was only by the middle of the fourth
century, Christian Era, that the date was adopted by Christianity to celebrate
the birth of Jesus, “the Sun of Justice”.
Christianity emerged from older religious traditions which
worshipped Nature on earth and celestial objects. The fact explains why in the Christian
“Jerusalem Bible” the Book of Ecclesiasticus (43: 1-8) celebrates the Sun and
the Moon with these words:
“Pride of the heights, a clear vault of the sky - such
is the beauty of the heavens, a glorious sight. The sun, as he emerges,
proclaims at his rising, ‘How wonderful a thing, the work of the Most High!’ At
his zenith, he parches the ground, who can withstand his blaze? We have to blow
the furnace to produce any heat, the sun burns the mountains three times as
much; breathing out blasts of fire, flashing his rays, he dazzles the eyes. Great
is the Lord who created him and whose word speeds him on his course. And then
the moon, ever punctual to mark the times, an everlasting sign: It is the moon
that signals the feasts, a luminary that wanes after being full. The month
derives its name from hers, she waxes wonderfully in her phases, banner of the
hosts on high, shining in the vault of heaven.”
Although Francis of Assisi became famous for his
pantheistic view of Nature, long before him the book of Ecclesiasticus, by
ancient Jewish author Joshua ben Sira, exalted
the lightning, the snow, the clouds, the birds, the mountains, the wind,
the desert, and saw them all as external aspects of the one divine universal
process.
To the esoteric philosophy, the humanization and
personalization of cosmic intelligences is a way of producing metaphors or symbolical
images. The whole universe is an unlimited, intelligent ecosystem. Easter,
therefore, corresponds to the spiritual rebirth of all beings as part of the annual
cycle of life.
For those who live in the Southern hemisphere, the
Spring Equinox and the physical rebirth
take place far away from Easter, around 23rd September. In this time of the
year, every form of life gradually comes back to more intense levels of
activity.
As to the Christian Easter of Southern hemisphere, it
occurs during Autumn and is symmetrical to the springtime Easter in the Northern
hemisphere. The Southern Easter announces the winter, and produces the same inner purification. As life starts
to move away from physical plane, it flourishes and spreads in the spiritual
realm.
Before an inner rebirth occurs, there must be death,
loss, renunciation, austerity, or “tapah” in Sanskrit. Forty days before
Easter, at the culminating point of difficulties and cold weather in the
Northern hemisphere, the Lent and fasting begin. The word “Carnival” comes from
medieval Latin term carnelevarium,
which means “to leave meat aside”, or abstaining from eating meat.
For some, fasting is perhaps a penitence and a
punishment. In fact, eating less and purifying oneself as a preparation for a
new cycle has nothing to do with guilt, punishment or unhappiness. The moderate
practice of fasting improves one’s health. It is not exclusively Christian. Almost
every important religion includes fasting in its forms of discipline, and a Master
of the Eastern Wisdom wrote:
“Fasting, meditation, chastity of thought, word, and
deed; silence for certain periods of time to enable nature herself to speak to
him who comes to her for information; government of the animal passions and
impulses; utter unselfishness of intention, the use of certain incense and
fumigations for physiological purposes, have been published as the means since
the days of Plato and Iamblichus in the West, and since the far earlier times
of our Indian Rishis.” [1]
The process of Inner purification which prepares a
Rebirth is not necessarily easy. A famous biblical passage illustrates the need
for courage. The New Testament says that one day, near Easter, Jesus went up to
Jerusalem. As he entered the temple, he saw people selling oxen and sheep and
doves, and the changers of money sitting. He made a scourge of small cords and
drove them all out of the temple, and the sheep, and the oxen; and poured out
the changers’ money, and overthrew their tables. (John, 2: 13-22)
One first conclusion one can draw from the episode is
that Easter must not be excessively explored as a commercial event. There is
nothing wrong with buying and selling. What one must avoid is any confusion
between commercial activities and the search for sacredness.
The idea of commerce in this passage is also symbolical.
It refers to every search for profit or personal advantage at the expense of
someone else. The temple is the inner conscience of each individual. The
“merchants” to be “expelled” are greed, fear and selfish ambition.
The true Easter takes place in the world of the soul,
and in order to experience it one must abandon all search for personal
benefits, material or subtle. Easter celebrates the inner rebirth which comes after the lower self decided to stop
behaving as if it were the only center of the universe. And this occurs because
it discovered the eternal blessings that are beyond short term personal
illusions.
There must be obstacles and resistance along the
spiritual journey. For this reason, the merchants whom Jesus expels from the
temple discuss with him, and he anticipates the future:
“Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise
it up.” (John, 2: 19)
The Gospel then adds that Jesus is not referring to
the external temple, but to his own body.
The physical body of every human being is a sanctuary
and must be respected. A divine spirit, an immortal soul dwells in it. Such a
shrine may be destroyed, since death is a natural necessity; but it will be
built again, because to each death there is a corresponding rebirth. Just as
Pythagoras and the Eastern wisdom, esoteric philosophy says that reincarnation
is a law.
The language in the New Testament is symbolical: all
cannot be openly said on every occasion. One must be careful with words. Jesus
spoke to people telling them stories that had various layers of meaning, and
one day he explained to his closest disciples:
“Unto you it is given to know the mystery of the kingdom
of God; but unto them that are without, all these things are done in parables,
so that seeing they may see, and not perceive; and hearing they may hear, and
not understand.” (Mark, 4: 11-12)
There is therefore in the teachings of the New
Testament an esoteric (inner) aspect and an exoteric (external) dimension, “for
them that are without”. A central
condition for students to have access to the inner aspect of the teaching is
the practicing of its lessons in daily life.
“…Whosoever hears these sayings of mine, and does
them, I will liken him unto a wise man, which built his house upon a rock. And
the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that
house, and it fell not; for it was founded upon a rock.” (Matthew, 7: 24-27)
The sacred scriptures of different traditions are
collections of myths and parables which must be interpreted. They are like wide
fishing nets thrown by souls’ fishermen to the open ocean of our humanity. Such
a “fishing” brings into the inner circles those who have the right degree of
discernment and continuously try to practice what they learn, in a gradual yet
growing way.
The apprentices live in harmony with the teaching and
slowly acquire “the eyes to see” and “the ears to hear”. Little by little the
spiritual wisdom forms a sort of temple in the disciple’s mind. This inner
shrine must be protected from short term oscillations.
The fact that Jesus used allegories indicates a key
for the correct reading of the Gospels. And the very narrative of Jesus’ life
is a parable. The Gospels were produced
on the basis of teachings and stories belonging to much older religions than
Christianity, including Hinduism and Buddhism. [2]
The birth of the Master, the fact that he was betrayed
by someone close to him in an act that led him to death, to resurrection and to
the promise of a “return”, are all points which coincide with an Egyptian
legend much older than the Christian gospels; the legend of Osiris. And there
are other elements which Christianity took from Egypt, as we shall see.
The use of parables is present in the ancient schools
of mysteries. In the West, it was a central characteristic of the Pythagorean
teachings, 500 years before the so-called Christian Era. Roman Christianity openly
got much of its substance from the Greek world. The voluntary sacrifice of
Socrates, who lived between 470 and 399 before Christian era, has been compared
to the legend of Jesus’ death by Christian philosopher Alceu Amoroso Lima,
among others. [3]
Helena P. Blavatsky explained:
“Every act of the Jesus of the New Testament, every
word attributed to him, every event related of him during the three years of
the mission he is said to have accomplished, rests on the programme of the
Cycle of Initiation, a cycle founded on the Precession of the Equinoxes and the
Signs of the Zodiac.” [4]
The very Cycle of Initiation is mentioned in the
legend of the Gospels when Jesus refers to the difficult “narrow path” which
few are able to find. (Matthew, 7: 13-14)
In “Isis Unveiled”, H.P.B. wrote:
“It was the doctrine of old India that Jesus held to
when preaching the complete renunciation of the world and its vanities in order
to reach the kingdom of Heaven, Nirvana…”. [5]
Jesus taught the resurrection and described it as
something that someday will be available for
those who follow the “narrow path”. What exactly is “resurrection”,
then?
There are various levels of answer to this question.
On one hand, the great resurrection constitutes a long term project. It is the complete
spiritual liberation, the definitive enlightenment reached only by great sages after
they tread, like Jesus, “the entire Cycle of Initiation”, a journey involving
various incarnations.
On the other hand, there is also a variety of
resurrection which is but one step ahead of us. One can experience it in small
scale in whatever stage of development we are. This is the small factor that
makes the difference. The long journey must start with a small step taken where
the pilgrim is, and in no other place.
The initial measures to be taken depend on each individual,
and every step is always the first in the extensive travel. The long cycle of
initiations must be experienced in small scale in daily life, because microcosm
reflects macrocosm. The solar system is present in every atom. The path to
self-knowledge has its accurate summaries in a day of 24 hours and a seven days’
week. The rest taken during a night - or a weekend - is like resurrection.
The celebration of Easter - certainly an
inter-religious tradition older than Judaism -
constitutes a living evidence that the evolution of the soul takes place
in communion with the annual cycle of the Sun, and coincides with the cycle of
great initiations taught by Eastern wisdom.
The Easter eggs are inherited from pagan spring
festivals in the Northern hemisphere. They symbolize the rebirth of life in all
its diversity. The presence of a rabbit or bunny in this “festival of
regeneration” belongs to Egyptian culture. A hare was a symbol of fertility and
represented the periodicity of natural life-cycles. According to tradition, the
bunny hid Easter eggs for children to look for them.
Children are associated to Easter because they are
undisputable symbols of life as it starts again. The soul of every human being
is like a child until the end of his existence, for there is always something
essential in him that is being reborn. When an individual becomes aware of
this, he experiences in a more direct way the permanent spring hidden in each one of the four yearly
seasons. He can better distinguish then also
the longer cycle of four ages that will make his lifetime complete.
Autumn symbolizes maturity. Winter corresponds to old
age. Spring is childhood, and summer, youth: the four ages are equally
important.
It is not enough to be like children, in order to have
access to the kingdom of heaven or nirvanic
consciousness. Enlightenment means living simultaneously the four seasons
of the year, every day.
One must combine the confidence and the ability to
learn, which characterize Spring, with the strength and courage of Summer,
which corresponds to youth. The common sense of Autumn and the wise and humble
renunciation of Winter are necessary. The entire cycle is sacred, and each
Easter celebrates its wholeness.
NOTES:
[1] “The Mahatma Letters”, TUP, Pasadena, California,
USA, 1992, 494 pp., see Letter XLIX, p. 283.
[2] The legendary nature of Christian Gospels is
demonstrated by Helena P. Blavatsky. The reader will find a revealing
comparative study of the legends about the lives of Krishna, Buddha and Jesus
in “Isis Unveiled”, H.P.B., Theosophy Co., Los Angeles, volume II, pp. 537-539:
“The Legends of the Three Saviours”. A thorough report on the “pagan” sources
of Jesus’ legends can be seen on pp. 533-567 in the same volume II.
[3] Plato, “Apologia de Sócrates”, Introduction by Alceu
Amoroso Lima, Edições de Ouro, RJ, Brazil, 16th edition, 138 pages.
[4] “Reply to the Mistaken Conceptions of the Abbé Roca
Concerning My Observations on Christian Esotericism”. The text is included in
“Collected Writings”, by Helena P. Blavatsky. See volume IX, TPH, India, 1962,
488 pp., page 225, footnote.
[5] “Isis Unveiled”, Helena P. Blavatsky, Theosophy
Company, Los Angeles, vol. II, p. 286.
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The above text is a
translation from Carlos Cardoso Aveline’s article “A Páscoa Como Renascimento Interior”, also available in our associated
websites in Portuguese language.
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See the texts “Jesus Christ, the Warrior of Truth” and
“If Christ Coms Back this Christmas”,
by Carlos Cardoso Aveline; “Easter: a
Time of Reawakening”, by Steven H. Levy; and “Christmas Then and Christmas Now”, by Helena P. Blavatsky. They are
available at our associated websites.
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On the role of the esoteric movement in the
ethical awakening of mankind during the 21st century, see the book “The Fire and Light of Theosophical Literature”, by
Carlos Cardoso Aveline.
Published in
2013 by The Aquarian Theosophist,
the volume has 255 pages and can be obtained through Amazon Books.
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